Answer:
It has a half-full outer shell of electrons, allowing it to form a wide variety of bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cabon has 6 electrons (2 in 1s/2 in 2s/2 in 2p).
Octet rule states that atoms want to have full 8 valence electrons by bonding or giving electrons.
Carbon is essential, because it has 4 valence electron(half-full outer shell), allowing the carbon to bond with up to 4 other atoms and have these long chains that are backbone to organic molecules