Athens was largely based on academics like a democracy while Sparta was based/focused on military, so much so that it named woman “warriors” as they gave birth to warriors themselves. Not only this but gender roles for woman were very different, while Athens viewed woman as a lower version of a man, with the only purpose of giving birth to an heir, (although wealthy woman were able to get educated), spartan woman were able to engage in sports, training, etc, and generally having more rights than the woman of Athens