Final answer:
Mendel included a pair of factors controlling traits, one gene coming from each parent, the passing of each trait from generation to generation, the separation of genes when gametes are formed, and the possibility of one gene being seen while the other is hidden.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mendel included the following points in his hypothesis:
- A pair of factors (known as genes) control traits. Mendel discovered that traits are controlled by pairs of factors, which we now call genes.
- One gene comes from each parent for every trait. Mendel found that each parent contributes one gene for each trait to their offspring.
- Each trait is passed from generation to generation. Mendel observed that traits are inherited and passed down from one generation to the next.
- When gametes are formed, genes separate. Mendel postulated that genes separate when gametes are formed during the process of reproduction.
- If there are two unlike genes, one may be seen while the other is hidden. When there are two different genes for a trait, one gene may be dominant and expressed, while the other gene is recessive and not expressed.