Answer:
The first number is 3
The second number is 7
Explanation:
Let x = the first number
Let y = the second (other) number
One number added to three times another number is 24:
x + 3y = 24
Make 3y the subject by subtracting x from both sides: 3y = 24 - x
Five times the first number added to three times the other number is 36:
5x + 3y = 36
Substitute 3y = 24 - x into 5x + 3y = 36 and solve for x:
5x + (24 - x) = 36
5x + 24 - x = 36
Combine like terms: 4x + 24 = 36
Subtract 24 from both sides: 4x = 12
Divide both sides by 4: x = 3
Substitute found value of x into x + 3y = 24 to find y:
3 + 3y = 24
Subtract 3 from both sides: 3y = 21
Divide both sides by 3: y = 7