Final answer:
Coniferous forests, which consist of evergreen trees like pines and spruces, do not shed their leaves and commonly grow in colder climates. These trees have needle-like leaves adapted to conserve water and heat, giving them advantages in environments with long, cold winters and acidic soils with little available nitrogen.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of forest that does not shed its leaves and typically grows in colder climates is the coniferous forest. The trees in these forests, such as pines, spruces, and firs, are known as evergreens or coniferous trees because they retain their needle-shaped leaves throughout the year. These leaves are adapted to cold environments as they have a thin shape and waxy cuticle that limits water loss.
Evergreen trees can photosynthesize earlier in the spring than deciduous trees because their needle-like leaves require less energy from the sun to warm up. The soils in these regions are often acidic with little available nitrogen, which means the evergreens that retain nitrogen-rich needles have a competitive advantage over deciduous trees, which lose their leaves each year.