Final answer:
Increasing the temperature of a substance boosts its particles' kinetic energy, leading to more significant vibrational movements in solids and more rapid translations in liquids and gases, and generally increases the volume of liquids and gases.
Step-by-step explanation:
As the temperature of a substance increases, the kinetic energy of its particles also increases. This sits at the heart of the kinetic-molecular theory. For solids, the result is more extensive vibrational movements of the particles. In liquids and gases, the particles translate, or move, more rapidly. A higher temperature means that the distribution of kinetic energies among the substance's particles is broader, indicating a higher state of disorder or entropy. The shape and volume of a substance are affected as well. Solids may expand and lose their rigid structure when enough heat is applied, potentially leading to a change in state, such as melting. For liquids and gases, an increase in temperature generally results in an increase in volume, as the particles move more vigorously and push outwards, needing more space.