The geography of India greatly influenced the location of early settlements on the subcontinent. Both the Indus and the Ganges rivers carried rich silt from the mountains to the plains. When the rivers flooded, the silt spread over the plains and made the soil in the river valleys fertile for farming, In ancient civilizations, geography affected them in so many ways, like the climate, resources, and the landscape that they use, The mountains provided them with protection against invasions, but the mountains were also used for trading with other to get the resources that they needed.