The major historical and political significance of the Mayflower Compact was that it was the first establishment of self-government in what was known as the New World (America).
What was the Mayflower Compact?
The Mayflower Compact was a document established and signed by pilgrims (people fleeing from the English church) and Puritans (people who wanted to purify the English church). At the time of their fleeing, King James I was the king of England, and he disapproved with religious freedom. Everybody who did not want to follow him in one religion fled before being persecuted. If you need extra help, let me know and I will gladly assist you.