1. Timespan
2. Plots (events that make up the story and what leads up to the resolution)
3. Conflict complexity
Why? Well, see below!
Short stories and novels are very different, and they vary in many different categories that make up why they’re called what they’re called. One difference between these two is the timespans set. In short stories, the timespan tends to be very short because as mentioned, it is a short story. The plot is kept simple, and a short solution to a problem is identified and put into action. The next difference is plot (and subplots). Plots are a huge difference between these two because in a short story, little capacity of description is provided, whereas in a novel, the plot is described more in depth. It typically is more reasonable to read a novel because the plot familiarizes itself with the reader, which results in a better comprehension of how the problem is brought about and solved. The final difference is conflict complexity. This is a big difference as well between novels and short stories because in a novel, the conflict is less timely and more descriptive. The protagonist may often encounter more conundrums in the path of solving one, which would make the general conflict more difficult to solve. If you need extra help, let me know and I will gladly assist you.