Final answer:
Philosophy is the study of fundamental questions relating to existence, knowledge, and values. It employs critical thinking and rational argument to examine beliefs and ideas, striving for a comprehensive understanding and the best possible answers. Philosophy is a dynamic discipline that has significantly influenced human civilization and continues to evolve.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term philosophy derives from the Greek term philosophia, which means 'love of wisdom'. Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophers employ various methods including questioning, critical discussion, rational argument, and systematic presentation to explore these topics.
Philosophy is essentially a critical and comprehensive thought process, aiming to take as little for granted as possible. It challenges all ideas and beliefs under the examination of reason, seeking to determine their validity. Philosophical inquiry is concerned with the selection of the best possible answers to fundamental questions about life, truth, and ethics, among others.
As a discipline, philosophy is known for being one of the most challenging mental exercises, evolving in every major human civilization. It is a process of thinking critically and methodically, ever-evolving as human knowledge and critical analysis advance. Philosophy's rich history demonstrates its pivotal role in shaping human thought and the course of world events.