Question

Describe the process of mitosis and explain what happens inside the cell when mitosis occurs

Answer 1

In cell biology, mitosis (/maɪˈtoʊsɪs/) is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Cell division gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained.[1] Therefore, mitosis is also known as equational division.[2][3] In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase (during which the DNA is replicated) and is often followed by telophase and cytokinesis; which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane of one cell into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components.[4] The different stages of Mitosis altogether define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other.[5]

Answer 2

Step-by-step explanation:

The somatic division of the mitocytes that forms two daughter cells through equational division is referred to as mitosis. Interphase, nuclear division (karyokinesis), and cytokinesis are the phases of mitotic cell division.

Answer and Explanation: 1

Stages of mitosis:

1. Interphase- In this phase cell undergoes many catabolic and anabolic reactions to make itself prepare for the division. It can be divided into the following steps:

G1 phase- It is marked by high metabolic rate and doubling of different organelles.

S phase- This phase includes duplication of chromosomes and synthesis of histone proteins.

G2 phase- The cell organelles like mitochondria and plastids undergo division and synthesis of RNA.

2. Cell division- It is a continuous process and divided into four phases.

Prophase- In this stage cytoplasm becomes viscous and centriole divides into two and moves towards opposite poles where they form astral rays and spindle fibers. Chromosomes become short and thick with a pair of chromatids. The length of the chromosomes reduces due to condensation and spiralization.

Metaphase- Nuclear membrane disappears completely in this period. Spindle fiber formation is complete. The equator of the spindle is aligned by chromosomes in which bigger chromosomes are arranged towards the periphery and smaller ones in the center