Explanation:
1 ) 402
402 - 2 = 400 which is a perfect sqrt ( 20)^2
so u must subtract 2
2) 1989
1989 - 53 = 1936 which is a perfect sqrt (44)^2
3) 3250
3250 -1 = 3249 which is a prefect sqrt (57)^2
4) 4000
4000 - 31 = 3969 which is a perfect sqrt (63)^2