Question

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Planet Distance from Sun (in Km) Distance in scientific notation
Mercury 57,909,000 5.7909 x 10^7
Venus 108,000,000 1.08 x 10^8
Earth 149,597,870 1.4959787 x 10^8
Mars 299,000,000 2.99 x 10^8
Jupiter 788,000,000 7.88 x 10^8
Saturn 1,433,449,370 1.433449370 x 10^9
Uranus 2,876,679,082 2.876679082 x 10^9
Neptune 4,500,000,000 4.5 x 10^9

A. If a spacecraft was parked on Venus and needed to make a flight to Jupiter, how far would it need to travel? Show your work and provide your answer in scientific notation.


B. Mercury, Venus, and Earth are the three planets closest to the Sun. Would their combined distance from the Sun be greater or less than the distance from the sun to Neptune? Show your work and justify your answer.


C. If Earth was 10 times farther away from the Sun than it is now, which planet would it be closest to? Compare Earth's new distance to that planet. How far apart would they be in standard notation? How far apart in scientific notation? Show your work.



D. The space shuttle travels at about 28,000 km per hour. Using that information, estimate how many hours it will take the shuttle to reach Saturn from Earth. Show your work. Convert your answer into scientific notation if necessary.

Answer 1

To determine the travel distances among planets, one must subtract one planet's distance from the Sun from another's. When considering enormous distances in space, scientific notation is essential for simplification. The distances and travel times calculated can then be used to gain a clearer understanding of the scale of our solar system.

Step-by-step explanation:

A. Distance from Venus to Jupiter

To calculate the distance a spacecraft would need to travel from Venus to Jupiter, we subtract the distance of Venus from the Sun from the distance of Jupiter from the Sun:

Jupiter's distance from the Sun: 7.88 x 108 km

Venus's distance from the Sun: 1.08 x 108 km

Distance Venus to Jupiter: (7.88 - 1.08) x 108 km = 6.80 x 108 km

B. Combined Distance of Mercury, Venus, and Earth vs. Neptune's Distance

Add the distances from the Sun for Mercury, Venus, and Earth, and compare to Neptune's distance:

Mercury: 5.7909 x 107 km

Venus: 1.08 x 108 km

Earth: 1.4959787 x 108 km

Combined distance: 5.7909 x 107 + 1.08 x 108 + 1.4959787 x 108 km = 3.0559687 x 108 km

Neptune's distance from the Sun is 4.5 x 109 km, which is greater than the combined distance of the three closest planets.

C. Earth's New Distance

If Earth was 10 times farther from the Sun, its distance would be 1.4959787 x 109 km, which is closest to Saturn's distance of 1.433449370 x 109 km. To find the difference:

Earth's new distance: 1.4959787 x 109 km

Saturn's distance: 1.433449370 x 109 km

Difference: 1.4959787 x 109 km - 1.433449370 x 109 km = 6.252933 x 107 km, or 62,529,330 km in standard notation

D. Travel Time to Saturn

To estimate the travel time to Saturn from Earth, we can divide Saturn's distance by the shuttle's speed:

Distance to Saturn from Earth: 1.433449370 x 109 km

Space shuttle speed: 28,000 km/h

Estimated time in hours: 1.433449370 x 109 km / 28,000 km/h

Time: ≈ 5.11946 x 104 hours

The travel time to Saturn would be approximately 51,194.6 hours, or 5.11946 x 104 hours in scientific notation.

Answer 2

Astronomers were trying to find the weight of six planets - Mars, Venus, Pluto, Jupiter, Mercury and Saturn. The number of planets lighter than Mars was equal to the number of planets heavier than Venus. Saturn was heavier than Mars and Mercury was heavier than Pluto. Venus was lighter than Mars. Saturn was not the heaviest planet.

Step-by-step explanation: