Final answer:
Viral proteins are made using the host cell's proteins and enzymes, and during viral assembly, enveloped viruses may also incorporate parts of the host cell's plasma membrane to form their envelopes. DNA and RNA viruses use the host's cellular machinery for replication and protein synthesis before causing the host cell to burst and release new virions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cell molecules used to make viral proteins are the host cell's proteins and enzymes that are necessary for processing the viral genetic material and synthesizing the proteins required for the new virus particles, or virions. During viral replication, DNA viruses typically utilize the host's cellular machinery to duplicate their DNA and produce mRNA, which is then translated into viral proteins. Meanwhile, RNA viruses often use their RNA genome directly as a template for the synthesis of viral proteins.
Some viruses also have an envelope that is acquired from the host cell during the process of viral assembly and release. The envelope consists of components derived from the host cell's plasma membrane, which may include lipid layers and host proteins modified to become viral glycoproteins for attaching to new host cells.
Viruses can manipulate host cells to produce viral components in various ways, but the ultimate result is the assembly of new virions which eventually lead to the destruction of the host cell through lysis or apoptosis. These newly formed virions are then released to infect additional host cells, perpetuating the viral life cycle.