Question

In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase used radioactive phosphorus and radioactive sulfur to selectively label the DNA and proteins of bacteriophage T2, a virus that infects bacteria. After incubating the labeled bacteriophage particles with Escherichia coli and separating extracellular phage particles from the bacteria, Hershey and Chase measured the amounts of radioactive phosphorus and sulfur inside infected E. coli cells and in the liquid growth medium outside the E. coli colls Which of the following best explains their results and conclusion?

a. Both radioactive DNA and radioactive protein were found in the infected cells; this demonstrates that DNA is the genetic material and its code was used to synthesize proteins.
b. Radioactive DNA was found in the infected cells and radioactive protein was found in the medium outside the cells; this demonstrates OB that the genetic information was used to synthesize proteins.
c. Radioactive protein was found in the intected cells and radioactive DNA was found in the medium outside the cells; this demonstrates that DNA carries the virus' genetic information.
d. Radioactive DNA was found in the infected cells and radioactive protein was found in the medium outside the cells; this demonstrates that DNA carries the virus' genetic information.

Answer 1

Hershey and Chase's 1952 experiments used radioactive isotopes to label DNA and proteins in bacteriophages, discovering that only the radioactive DNA entered E. coli cells, which led to the conclusion that DNA, not protein, carries the virus' genetic information. Therefore, the correct answer is that radioactive DNA was found in the infected cells, demonstrating DNA carries the virus's genetic material. So the correct answer is d.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Hershey-Chase experiments of 1952 used radioactive isotopes to determine the genetic material in bacteriophages. Radioactive sulfur (35S) was used to label the protein coat since sulfur is present in proteins but not DNA, while radioactive phosphorus (32P) was used to label DNA since phosphorus is a component of DNA and RNA but not typically found in proteins. After allowing the labeled phages to infect E. coli cells, Hershey and Chase used a blender to separate the phage coats from the bacterial cells and then centrifuged the mixture to create a pellet of bacterial cells and a supernatant containing the detached phage coats.

Their results showed that after centrifugation, the 32P was found only in the pellet with the bacterial cells, indicating that DNA is the genetic material that entered the E. coli cells. The 35S was found in the supernatant, which contained the leftover phage parts, meaning that the proteins did not enter the cells and are not the material that carries genetic information. Consequently, option d is correct: Radioactive DNA was found in the infected cells and radioactive protein was found in the medium outside the cells; this demonstrates that DNA carries the virus' genetic information.

Answer 2

The correct answer for the given question is (D) radioactive DNA is found inside the infected cell and radioactive protein was found in the medium outside the cell. This demonstrates that DNA carries virus genetic information.

Step-by-step explanation:

Harshey and chase conducted an experiment on bacteriophage in 1951 the bacteriophages that are used are responsible for infecting bacteria. they found that genes are not made up of protein but DNA.

This is an experiment that used the method known as isotope labeling. They tag DNA with Phosphorus and protein with sulfur as the coat of bacteriophages are also made up of protein. They found out the DNA of bacteriophages is inserted into bacteria while the protein coat remains outside in the medium. It means that only DNA is what transfer not the protein.