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Suppose you win on a scratch‑off lottery ticket and you decide to put all of your $3,500 winnings in the bank. The reserve requirement is 10%. What is the maximum possible increase in the money supply as a result of your bank deposit? Which events could cause the increase in the money supply to be less than its potential?

A. Banks decide to keep some excess reserves on hand.
B. Banks choose to loan out all excess reserves.
C. All money loaned out is deposited back into the banking system.
D. Some loan recipients choose to hold some cash instead of depositing all of it in banks.

2 Answers

8 votes

Final answer:

The maximum possible increase in the money supply due to a $3,500 bank deposit with a 10% reserve requirement would be $35,000, using the money multiplier of 10. However, the actual increase may be less if banks choose to hold extra reserves or if some money does not get redeposited into the banking system.

Step-by-step explanation:

If you deposit $3,500 in a bank with a 10% reserve requirement, the maximum potential increase in the money supply would be this amount multiplied by the money multiplier. The money multiplier is calculated as 1 divided by the reserve ratio, which in this case is 1 / 0.10, equal to 10. Therefore, the maximum possible increase in the money supply would be $3,500 multiplied by 10, equaling $35,000. However, this maximum increase would only occur if banks loan out all excess reserves and all money loaned out is deposited back into the banking system.

The real-world increase in money supply could be less due to several factors:

  • Banks may hold extra reserves, particularly in uncertain economic times or due to regulatory expectations (Option A).
  • The central bank could increase the reserve requirement, reducing the potential expansion of the money supply (in reference to the provided information).
  • Some loan recipients might opt to hold cash instead of depositing it in banks, which limits the money's re-entrance into the banking system and thus reduces the money multiplier effect (Option D).
User Tyler Cowan
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11 votes

Answer:

35000

A, d

Step-by-step explanation:

Reserve requirement is the portion of deposit received by banks that the central bank requires to be kept as deposit.

If $3500 is deposited and reserve requirement is 10%

reserves would increase by $3500 x 0.10 = $350

Increase in the total value of checkable deposit is determined by the money multiplier

Money multiplier = amount deposited / reserve requirement

3500 / 0.1 = 35000

If the banks keep excess reserves, the amount of money available to be loaned out would reduce and this would reduce the increase in money supply.

Also, if individuals keep the money at home, it would reduce the amount of money that can be loaned out by banks

User Gfrobenius
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