Answer:
A) 21% of $31,000 excess of book income over taxable income = $6,510 deferred tax liability.
B) There is no deferred tax asset or liability from permanent book/tax difference.
C) Deferred tax asset or deferred tax liability from a transaction resulting in a $55,000 temporary excess of taxable income over book income: 21% of $55,000 excess of taxable income over book income = $11,550 deferred tax asset.