Final answer:
Charlie's nose resembling his grandfather's is an example of genetic inheritance, where traits are passed down through genes from one generation to the next.
Step-by-step explanation:
Charlie's nose looking just like his grandfather's nose is an example of genetic inheritance. This is because most physical traits, including facial features like the shape of the nose, are determined by our genes. Genetics is the study of how certain qualities or traits are transmitted from parents to their offspring through genes. Like the cleft chin example provided, these traits can be dominant or recessive, and are passed down from one generation to the next through sexual reproduction, resulting in offspring that have a unique combination of traits from both parents. In this instance, the fact that Charlie has a nose that resembles that of his grandfather can be attributed to him inheriting similar genes that control the shape and features of the nose.
Based on the context of this question, it is understood that the similarities observed in family members' appearances, like that of Charlie and his grandfather, are due to genetic factors, rather than environmental influences or learned behaviors, which would be considered nurture. Additionally, while genes contribute to the formation of certain physical traits, personality traits such as temperament may also have genetic components, as some genes correlated with temperament could be linked to the genes responsible for certain facial features.