Final answer:
Group 1A elements form +1 charged ions, aluminum in Group 3A forms +3 charged ions, and Group 5A elements form -3 charged ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Group 1A elements, also known as alkali metals, typically form ions with a +1 charge. For example, sodium (Na) becomes Na+ when it loses one electron. The charge on these ions can be remembered easily as these elements always have one valence electron that they tend to lose when forming ions.
Group 3A elements, specifically aluminum (Al), form ions with a +3 charge. As described in the reference, aluminum, found in Group 13, loses all three of its valence electrons to become Al3+, an aluminum cation. This leads to a stable ion with a charge of +3.
Group 5A elements, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, typically form anions with a -3 charge, as they each gain three electrons to achieve a full valence shell. Therefore, these elements will have a charge of 5-18 = -3 when they form ions.