Question

Explain how will each of the following changes in demand and/or supply affect equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in a competitive market; that is do price and quantity rise, fall, remain unchanged, or are the answers indeterminate because they depend on the magnitudes of the shifts? Use supply and demand diagrams to verify your answers.

a. Demand increases and supply is constant.
b. Supply increases and demand decreases.
c. Demand increases and supply decreases.
d. Demand decreases and supply decreases.

Answer 1

a. If demand increases and supply is constant, there would be a rightward shift of the demand curve. As a result, equilibrium price and quantity would increase

b. An increase in supply would lead to a rightward shift of the supply curve. As a result price decreases and quantity increases. A decrease in demand would lead to a leftward shift of the demand curve. As a result, quantity and price decreases. Taking these two effects together, equilibrium price decreases and there is an indeterminate effect on equilibrium quantity

c. An increase in demand leads to a rightward shift of the demand curve. As a result, equilibrium price and quantity increases. A decrease in supply would lead to a leftward shift of the supply curve. This leads to a decrease in quantity and an increase in price. Taking these two effect together, there would be an increase in equilibrium price and an indeterminate effect on equilibrium quantity

d. A decrease in demand would lead to a leftward shift of the demand curve. As a result, quantity and price decreases. A decrease in supply would lead to a leftward shift of the supply curve. This leads to a decrease in quantity and an increase in price. Taking these two effect together, there would be a decrease in equilibrium quantity and an indeterminate effect on equilibrium price

Step-by-step explanation:

Please check the attached images for the demand and supply diagrams