Final answer:
Cancer cells have altered gene expression, and stomach cancer cells show different levels of SIRT3 expression compared to normal stomach cells. Alterations in epigenetic regulation, transcription, RNA stability, protein translation, and post-translational control can contribute to the different levels of SIRT3 expression. Studying normal cells helps scientists understand the changes that occur in cancer cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cancer can be described as a disease of altered gene expression. Changes at every level of gene expression can be detected in some form of cancer. In the case of stomach cancer, the different levels of SIRT3 expression observed can be attributed to alterations in cellular processes compared to normal stomach cells.
Stomach cancer cells have abnormalities in gene regulation that lead to changes in SIRT3 expression. These alterations can occur at different levels, such as epigenetic regulation, transcription, RNA stability, protein translation, and post-translational control. For example, changes in histone acetylation, activation of transcription factors, and protein modification can affect SIRT3 expression in stomach cancer cells.
To understand the specific alterations in cellular processes, scientists study normal, non-diseased cells to determine what goes wrong in cancer cells. By investigating the mechanisms of control in normal stomach cells, researchers can identify the differences that result in the different levels of SIRT3 expression in stomach cancer cells compared to normal cells.