Final answer:
The reaction between butane and chlorine that produces chlorobutane isomers is known as a halogenation reaction. It occurs in the presence of UV light or at high temperatures and results in chlorinated alkanes with various structural isomers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Butane reacts with chlorine to form two isomers of chlorobutane. This type of reaction is classified as a halogenation reaction. In halogenation reactions, alkanes react with halogens, like chlorine (Cl₂) or bromine (Br₂), often in the presence of ultraviolet light or at high temperatures. These reactions yield halogenated alkanes, for example, chlorinated and brominated alkanes. The result of the reaction between butane and chlorine is the formation of different isomers of chlorobutane, due to the multiple positions at which the chlorine atom can attach itself to the butane molecule. Each isomer, although having the same molecular formula, will have a unique structure and, consequently, different properties.