Question

Imagine that we are interested in studying genetic and environmental influences on psychedelic mushroom consumption. For a group of twins, pairwise concordance is defined as C/(C+D), where C is the number of concordant pairs and D is the number of discordant pairs. In a study of 50 MZ twin pairs:

There are 2 pairs for which both twins have consumed mushrooms.
There are 38 pairs for which neither twin has consumed mushrooms.
There are 10 pairs for which only one of the twins has consumed mushrooms.

Required:
What is the MZ pairwise concordance rate?

Answer 1

The MZ twin pairwise concordance rate for psychedelic mushroom consumption is approximately 17%, calculated using the formula 2 / (2 + 10) which represents the concordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs that were exposed to mushrooms.

Step-by-step explanation:

The study in question involves determining the Monozygotic (MZ) twin pairwise concordance rate for psychedelic mushroom consumption. To calculate this, we use the formula C/(C+D), where C represents the concordant pairs and D represents the discordant pairs. In this scenario provided, there are 2 pairs where both twins have consumed mushrooms, and 10 pairs where only one did, for a total of 12 pairs that have been exposed to mushrooms. The concordance rate is thus calculated as 2 / (2 + 10), which equals 2 / 12 or approximately 0.17 or 17%.

This concordance rate can provide insights into the genetic and environmental factors influencing this behavior, although further research would be required to draw conclusions about the nature of these influences. The study of concordance rates is an important tool in the field of behavioral genetics.

Answer 2

0.24 or 24 %

Step-by-step explanation:

We know that from the given :

Pairwise concordant =
`$(C)/(C+D)$`

Here, C = concordant pairs

D = discordant pairs

Basically concordant pairs = both of twins consumed mushroom(
`$C_1$` ) + One of the twins consumed mushrooms (
`$C_2$` ).

Concordant pairs =
`$C_1 +C_2$`

= 2 + 10

= 12

And in discordant pair, none of the pair consumed mushroom = 38

Therefore, pairwise concordance =
`$(12)/(12+38)$`

`$=(12)/(50)$`

= 0.24