Answer: a. Anticipate the effect your message will have on the receiver.
b. Analyze the bad-news situation
Step-by-step explanation:
In the Phase 1 of the writing process, it is required that one should analyze the bad-news situation, and then anticipate the effect that such news will on have on the receiver. After this has been one, the message will then be adapted accordingly.
In a scenario whereby it's anticipated that the reader will be upset about the news, then the message might be reshaped so that the reader won't be angry.