Answer:
a. purchases of government bonds, which reduces interest rates and causes people to hold more money.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the case when the federal reserve want to reduce the rate so federal reserve purchased the government bonds from the members of the bank. Also the deposit should be credited to the balance sheet of the bank that provides the more reserve as they needed .This represent that bank should lower the fund rate of federal reserve in order to lending out the additional funds