Final answer:
The Compromise of 1850 was a controversial agreement that protected the South's rights to slavery and allowed for the expansion of slavery into new territories based on popular sovereignty.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Compromise of 1850 was a controversial agreement that aimed to please both the North and the South but ultimately worsened the sectional crisis in the United States.
It included several key provisions, such as a tough new fugitive slave law, allowing popular sovereignty in determining the status of new territories, and settling the boundary dispute between New Mexico and Texas. The controversial aspect of the Compromise of 1850 was that it protected the South's rights to slavery, allowing for the expansion of slavery into new territories based on popular sovereignty.