Question

HELP PLEASE!!

When the same amount of heat is added to equal masses of water and copper at the same temperature, the copper is heated to a higher final temperature than the water. On a molecular level, what explains this difference?

A. The forces between copper atoms are stronger than the forces between water molecules.
B. The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater than the average kinetic energy of the copper atoms.
C. More of the heat is transferred to the kinetic energy of the copper atoms than to the kinetic energy of the water molecules.
D. More of the heat is transferred to the potential energy of the copper atoms than to the potential energy of the water molecules.​

Answer 1

The higher average kinetic energy of copper atoms compared to water molecules explains why copper is heated to a higher final temperature than water when the same amount of heat is added to equal masses of both substances.

Step-by-step explanation:

The difference in final temperature between equal masses of water and copper, when the same amount of heat is added at the same initial temperature, can be explained by the difference in the average kinetic energy of the particles in each substance. In the hot body, the average kinetic energy of the molecules or atoms is higher than in the colder body. When two particles collide, energy transfers from the particle with greater kinetic energy to the particle with less kinetic energy. This cumulative effect of energy transfer from particles results in a net flux of heat from the hotter body to the colder body. Therefore, the copper is heated to a higher final temperature than the water due to the higher average kinetic energy of copper atoms compared to water molecules.

Answer 2

C. More of the heat is transferred to the kinetic energy of the copper atoms than to the kinetic energy of the water molecules.

Step-by-step explanation:

Both equal masses of water and copper were heated at the same temperature. Since copper is a good conductor of heat compared to water, its absorbs more heat. Which in-turn increases the rate of vibrations of the atoms in the copper mass, thus increasing their kinetic energy.

In the case of water, its molecules displaces one another after being heated to a higher temperature compared to neighboring molecules. So that the heated molecule becomes less dense and floats to the surface of water.

This property of copper makes it to be heated to a higher final temperature than the water.