Answer:
Photosynthesis is a crucial biological process that enables plants, algae, and some bacteria to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into energy-rich glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in specialized organelles called chloroplasts, primarily in the leaves of plants. Photosynthesis is essential for the sustenance of life on Earth, as it provides oxygen for respiration and serves as the foundation of most food chains. It consists of two main stages: the light-dependent reactions, occurring in the thylakoid membranes, and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), taking place in the stroma of chloroplasts.