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Part of the hair located above the surface of the skin

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Final answer:

The part of the hair located above the surface of the skin is referred to as the hair shaft, while the part below the surface anchored to the follicle is known as the hair root, which includes the hair bulb and matrix.

Step-by-step explanation:

The part of the hair that is located above the surface of the skin is known as the hair shaft. It is the section of the hair that is not anchored to the hair follicle. Hair is primarily made of keratin, a type of protein. The strands of hair originate in an epidermal penetration of the dermis called the hair follicle which is located below the surface of the skin. The rest of the hair, which is anchored in the follicle, lies below the surface of the skin and is referred to as the hair root. The hair root encompasses the hair bulb that is situated deep in the dermis and consists of basal cells called the hair matrix.

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