Final answer:
A state law that violates the U.S. Constitution cannot be enforced by anyone, including the state itself, the federal government, or the U.S. Supreme Court. This rule is upheld by the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is d) No one. This is due to the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, which declares that the Constitution and federal law are the supreme law of the land. If a state law conflicts with a federal law or the Constitution itself, the state law is deemed invalid. For instance, consider the case of marijuana legislation. While some states have decriminalized or completely legalized marijuana use, it remains illegal under federal law. Nevertheless, enforcement is not always straightforward and can result in ambiguity at a practical level. Therefore, if Hawaii were to enact a state law that violates the U.S. Constitution, it cannot be enforced by anyone due to the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution.
Learn more about Supremacy Clause