Fixed mindset refers to the belief that intelligence and abilities are fixed traits that cannot be changed or developed significantly. Individuals with a fixed mindset believe that their intelligence and talents are predetermined, leading them to avoid challenges, give up easily when faced with obstacles, and feel threatened by the success of others.
On the other hand, a growth mindset refers to the belief that intelligence and abilities can be developed through effort, learning, and persistence. Individuals with a growth mindset embrace challenges, persist in the face of setbacks, see effort as necessary for mastery, and find inspiration in the success of others.
Two interesting studies mentioned by Carol Dweck that support the thesis that a growth mindset is best for academic achievement are as follows:
1. Study on Junior High School Students: In this study, Dweck and her colleagues observed junior high school students in different math classes. They found that students who were taught about the malleability of intelligence and the power of a growth mindset showed a significant improvement in their math grades compared to students who were not exposed to these concepts. The students who embraced a growth mindset were more likely to believe that their intelligence could be developed and thus put in the effort to improve their academic performance.
2. Study on University Students: In this study, Dweck and her colleagues surveyed university students about their mindset and surveyed their academic performance throughout the semester. The results showed that students with a growth mindset achieved higher grades compared to students with a fixed mindset. Furthermore, the study found that students' beliefs about the malleability of intelligence predicted their final grades, even more so than their initial level of intelligence. This suggests that having a growth mindset plays a crucial role in academic success.
Examining myself, I believe I have developed a growth mindset over the years. Initially, I had a tendency to believe that intelligence and abilities were fixed traits and that success was solely dependent on innate talent. However, through reading and learning about mindset theories, including Carol Dweck's research, I gradually shifted my perspective.
To develop a growth mindset, I consciously remind myself that intelligence and abilities are not fixed but can be expanded through effort and learning. I embrace challenges, seek opportunities for growth and improvement, and view setbacks as learning experiences rather than failures. Additionally, I actively seek out diverse perspectives and learn from the success of others, considering it as inspiration rather than feeling threatened by it.
Developing a growth mindset requires ongoing self-reflection, challenging limiting beliefs, and embracing a positive attitude towards learning and development. It is a continuous process, but with practice and dedication, anyone can develop a growth mindset.