Answer:
mutation
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used when DNA makes a mistake during replication is "mutation." During DNA replication, errors can occur, resulting in changes to the genetic information. These changes, or mutations, can be caused by various factors such as exposure to radiation, chemicals, or errors in the DNA replication process itself. Mutations can take different forms, including substitutions (where one base is replaced by another), deletions (where one or more bases are lost), insertions (where additional bases are added), or rearrangements of genetic material. Mutations can have different effects on an organism, ranging from no noticeable impact to significant changes in traits or functions. Some mutations may even be beneficial, leading to genetic diversity and evolutionary adaptations. However, others can be detrimental and cause genetic disorders or diseases. Overall, mutations play a crucial role in genetic variation and the evolutionary process.