82.3k views
5 votes
Bonds formed from orbitals that lie in the sample plane, that is those that end to end overlap. These bonds occur along the internuclear axis

User Sbp
by
8.9k points

1 Answer

3 votes

Answer:

Bonds that are formed from orbitals lying in the same plane and overlapping end-to-end are known as sigma bonds. These bonds occur along the internuclear axis, which is the line connecting the two atoms involved in the bond. 1. Sigma bonds: Sigma (σ) bonds are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis. The orbitals involved can be s orbitals, p orbitals, or hybridized orbitals. Sigma bonds are the strongest type of covalent bonds and are present in various molecules and compounds.

Step-by-step explanation:

2. Overlap in the same plane: When orbitals lie in the same plane and overlap end-to-end, they form sigma bonds. This means that the electron density between the two atoms is concentrated along the internuclear axis. 3. Examples: - In a simple diatomic molecule like hydrogen (H2), each hydrogen atom has one 1s atomic orbital. When the two hydrogen atoms come together, their 1s orbitals overlap end-to-end along the internuclear axis, forming a sigma bond. - In ethene (C2H4), each carbon atom has three sp2 hybrid orbitals and one unhybridized p orbital. The sp2 hybrid orbitals overlap with the hydrogen atoms to form sigma bonds, while the unhybridized p orbitals overlap end-to-end to form a sigma bond between the two carbon atoms. In summary, sigma bonds are formed by the overlap of orbitals lying in the same plane and end-to-end along the internuclear axis. They are strong covalent bonds and can be found in various molecules and compounds. Examples include the sigma bonds in hydrogen (H2) and the carbon-carbon sigma bond in ethene (C2H4).

User Saywhatnow
by
8.2k points