Final answer:
Cholinergic stimulation leads to parasympathetic effects including bronchoconstriction, increased mucus secretion, miosis, decreased heart rate, and increased salivation, due to the activation of muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cholinergic stimulation primarily relates to the effects produced by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Specifically, cholinergic stimulation can lead to a variety of effects, such as bronchoconstriction, an increase in mucus secretion, miosis (constriction of the pupil), decreased heart rate, and salivation. These effects are a result of the activation of muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine which is released from the postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system.