Final answer:
The question requires assigning E/Z configuration to an alkene and R/S configuration to stereocenters in Rosuvastatin, a statin drug used to reduce cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves assigning the E/Z configuration to an alkene and the R/S configuration to stereocenters in the structure of Rosuvastatin (Crestor®), which is a medication used to lower cholesterol. To determine the E/Z configuration, one must look at the priority of the substituents attached to the double bond according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules.
For R/S configuration, the same rules are applied, but they consider the four substituents around the chiral center (stereocenter). The substituents are ranked based on atomic number and isotopes, with ties being broken by looking at the next atoms in the substituent chain.
Statins are a class of drugs that reduce cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme synthesizes cholesterol from lipids in the body, and by inhibiting it, statins effectively lower cholesterol synthesis. Rosuvastatin belongs to this class and works by the same mechanism.