Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The system of checks and balances included in the US Constitution was proposed by several key figures during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. One of the most influential proponents of this system was James Madison, often referred to as the "Father of the Constitution." Madison, who later became the fourth President of the United States, played a pivotal role in shaping the Constitution and advocated for a government structure that would prevent the concentration of power in any one branch.
Madison's ideas were heavily influenced by Enlightenment philosophers like Montesquieu, who had previously written about the importance of separating governmental powers to safeguard against tyranny. As a result, the concept of checks and balances, where the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government would have distinct powers and responsibilities, was integrated into the US Constitution. This system has since become a cornerstone of American democracy, ensuring that no single branch can dominate the others and preserving the nation's democratic principles.