Answer and Long Explanation:
a) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Mexican-American War, which took place from 1846 to 1848, was concluded by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. This treaty was signed on February 2, 1848, between the United States and Mexico.
Under the terms of the treaty, Mexico agreed to cede a large portion of its territory to the United States. This included present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, and parts of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. In total, Mexico lost about half of its territory to the United States.
In addition to territorial concessions, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo also addressed the rights and protection of Mexican citizens living in the newly acquired territories. The treaty recognized the rights of Mexican landowners and promised to protect their property and allow them to retain their Mexican citizenship or choose American citizenship.
The treaty also established the Rio Grande as the official boundary between the United States and Mexico, resolving ongoing border disputes. The United States agreed to pay Mexico $15 million in compensation for the territory and assume $3.25 million in debts Mexico owed to American citizens.
Overall, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo solidified the outcome of the Mexican-American War and had significant consequences for both countries. It marked the largest territorial expansion of the United States, while Mexico experienced the loss of a significant portion of its land.