Final answer:
The question pertains to different types of mutations observed in a polypeptide chain. Mutant 1 is due to a missense mutation, Mutant 2 seems to be a nonsense mutation, Mutant 3, 4, and 5 likely resulted from insertion and deletion mutations causing frameshifts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Each of the mutations outlined in the polypeptide sequences can be identified as follows:
- Mutant 1: Met-Ser-Ser-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly - This mutation is likely due to a single-base substitution in the DNA sequence coding for the third amino acid. The proline (Pro) has been replaced by a serine (Ser). This is referred to as a missense mutation as it results in a change in one amino acid in the sequence, potentially altering the structure and function of the polypeptide.
- Mutant 2: Met-Ser-Pro - this truncated polypeptide sequence suggests that a nonsense mutation has occurred, where a base substitution has created a premature stop codon, causing translation to end early.
- Mutant 3: Met-Ser-Pro-Asp-Trp-Arg-Asp-Lys - This sequence shows additional amino acids compared to the original sequence. This is likely the result of an insertion mutation, which causes a frameshift in the reading frame, altering the downstream amino acid sequence.
- Mutant 4: Met-Ser-Pro-Glu-Gly - Here, a deletion mutation might have occurred. Arginine (Arg) and Leucine (Leu) are missing, suggesting that base pairs may have been removed in the DNA sequence, which also causes a frameshift.
- Mutant 5: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Leu-Glu-Gly - In this case, an additional leucine (Leu) suggests a single-base insertion, causing a frameshift.
Learn more about DNA Mutations