Final answer:
The energy and hydraulic grade lines represent the energy in a fluid system, including pressure head (fluid support height), elevation head (potential energy), and dynamic head (kinetic energy). Calculate each for points along the flow pipe to draw these lines.
Step-by-step explanation:
This question pertains to the drawing of energy and hydraulic grade lines in a fluid flow system, which often involves concepts within the domain of fluid mechanics, specifically hydraulic engineering. These lines are graphical representations of energy conservation in transit fluid flow, and they primarily consist of pressure heads, elevation heads, and dynamic heads.
The pressure head is the height of fluid that the pressure could support. It can be calculated using the formula: Pressure Head = Pressure/Densityg, where g is gravitational acceleration. The elevation head, or potential energy, takes account of the physical position and gravitational effect on a fluid particle; it equals the height above an arbitrary datum. Finally, the dynamic head (velocity head) considers kinetic energy, which can be calculated using the formula: Dynamic Head = V²/2g, where V is fluid velocity.
When drawing the energy and hydraulic grade lines, add these three heads together for each point along the flow pipe. For the energy line, consider the total energy at each point, and for the hydraulic grade line, consider the sum of the pressure and elevation heads.
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