Final answer:
The offspring will be tall since tall plant height is dominant over short plant height. In the F2 generation, the genotypic ratio will be 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt, and the phenotypic ratio will be 3 tall plants : 1 short plant.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the phenotypes of the offspring, we need to use Punnett squares. Since the tall plant height is dominant over short plant height, the purebred tall vine would have the genotype TT (where T represents the tall allele) and the short vine would have the genotype tt. When crossing them, all the offspring will be heterozygous with the genotype Tt, and therefore tall.
For the F2 generation, we can use another Punnett square. When crossing two heterozygous tall plants (Tt x Tt), the genotypic ratio of the offspring will be 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt. The phenotypic ratio will be 3 tall plants : 1 short plant.
Learn more about Mendelian Genetics