Final answer:
In comparing Newton's 2nd law for linear motion and rotation, the analogous pairs are force and torque, mass and moment of inertia, and acceleration and angular acceleration. Force and torque initiate motion, mass and moment of inertia resist motion, and acceleration and angular acceleration quantify the rate of motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the comparison between Newton's 2nd law for linear motion and Newton's 2nd law for rotation, the pairs of analogous quantities would be force and torque, mass and moment of inertia, and acceleration and angular acceleration.
Force in linear motion is analogous to torque in rotational motion. Force in linear motion is the push or pull on an object, while torque is the measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis.
Similarly, mass in linear motion corresponds to moment of inertia in rotational motion. Mass represents an object's resistance to acceleration (change in velocity), whereas moment of inertia is the measure of an object's resistance to changes in rotational speed.
The last pair is acceleration in linear motion and angular acceleration in rotational motion. While acceleration in linear motion refers to how quickly an object can change its speed in a straight line, angular acceleration refers to how quickly an object changes its angular velocity.
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