Final answer:
Exons and introns are parts of genes, with exons coding for proteins and ultimately forming the structure and function of the proteins. Introns, which are not used for protein synthesis, play regulatory roles in gene expression and facilitate alternative splicing to generate multiple proteins from one gene.
Step-by-step explanation:
In DNA sequencing, both introns and exons are vital elements of a gene. The core difference between these two lies in their role and inclusion in the final protein synthesis process. In general, exons are the segments of a gene that are expressed and translated into a protein, while introns, on the other hand, do not code for any proteins and are usually removed before translation via a process called splicing.
However, both introns and exons have their own specific roles and significance. Introns play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and can help produce different protein forms from a single gene through a process known as alternative splicing. And on the other side, exons contain the necessary sequences that code for the structural and functional parts of the protein.
To sum it up in 2 lines, exons and introns are both parts of genes. Exons are vital for coding proteins, while introns have regulatory functions and are typically removed before protein synthesis.
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