Answer:V: The element V represents the transition metal vanadium. To determine its ground state electron configuration, we can use the periodic table as a guide. Vanadium is located in the fourth row, so it has four energy levels. The atomic number of vanadium is 23, which means it has 23 electrons. To write the electron configuration, we start by filling the energy levels in order of increasing energy. The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, the third energy level can hold a maximum of 18 electrons, and the fourth energy level can hold a maximum of 32 electrons. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d³ In this case, the electron configuration for vanadium is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d³ As: The element As represents the nonmetal arsenic. Arsenic is located in the fourth row, so it also has four energy levels. The atomic number of arsenic is 33, which means it has 33 electrons. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³ In this case, the electron configuration for arsenic is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³ Au: The element Au represents the transition metal gold. Gold is located in the fifth row, so it has five energy levels. The atomic number of gold is 79, which means it has 79 electrons. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ In this case, the electron configuration for gold is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹
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