Answer:
Experiment: Determining the Density of Vinegar
**Materials Needed:**
1. A graduated cylinder
2. Vinegar
3. Balance (scale)
4. Water
5. Calculator
6. Pen and paper
**Procedure:**
1. Set up your workspace and ensure that all materials are clean and dry.
2. Measure the mass of an empty graduated cylinder using the balance. Record this mass as "M1" (in grams) in your data table.
3. Carefully pour a known volume of water into the graduated cylinder. Make sure to record the volume of water used. This volume should be enough to immerse the object you will be using to measure the vinegar's volume. For example, if you're using a small object like a pebble, you may need around 50 ml of water.
4. Place the object (e.g., pebble) into the graduated cylinder with the water. The water level will rise. Record the new volume of water, which includes the object. Label this volume as "V1" (in milliliters) in your data table.
5. Remove the object from the graduated cylinder, and carefully dry it.
6. Pour vinegar into the graduated cylinder up to the same initial volume as in step 3. Record the volume of vinegar used as "V2" (in milliliters) in your data table.
7. Carefully place the dry object back into the graduated cylinder with the vinegar. The liquid level will rise again. Record the final volume of the liquid as "V3" (in milliliters) in your data table.
**Calculations:**
1. Calculate the volume of the object:
- Volume of object (V_object) = V3 - V2 (in milliliters)
2. Calculate the volume of vinegar displaced by the object:
- Volume of vinegar displaced = V1 - V3 (in milliliters)
3. Calculate the density of vinegar using the formula:
- Density = Mass of empty graduated cylinder (M1) / Volume of vinegar displaced (in milliliters)
**Data Table:**
| Measurement | Value (in grams or milliliters) |
|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|
| Mass of empty graduated cylinder (M1) | |
| Initial volume of water (V1) | |
| Volume of object (V_object) | |
| Volume of vinegar (V2) | |
| Final volume of liquid (V3) | |
| Volume of vinegar displaced | |
| Density of vinegar | |
Remember to record the actual measurements and calculate the density using the formula provided. This experiment should give you a good estimate of the density of vinegar.