Final answer:
The Chilean earthquake in 2010 was triggered by the sudden movement of the Nazca plate, subducting under the South American plate, which is classified as a subduction earthquake.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Chilean earthquake in 2010 was triggered by sudden movement of the Nazca plate, which is subducting under the South American plate. Such type of catastrophic events are called subduction earthquakes. Subduction earthquakes occur when one tectonic plate is forced underneath another, causing intense shaking and potential tsunamis.
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