Final answer:
The types of muscles involved in the various human body processes are: skeletal muscles for arm movement, smooth muscles for blood vessel contraction and food movement along the alimentary canal, and cardiac muscle for heart movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Human muscles are specialized for various functions and are categorized into three types: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
(a) Movement of the arm: This is accomplished by skeletal muscles, also known as -voluntary muscles, which can be consciously controlled to move parts of the skeleton.
(b) Contraction of blood vessels: Smooth muscle tissue, which automatically controls the constriction and relaxation of blood vessel walls, provides this function.
(c) Movement of food along the alimentary canal: This process, known as peristalsis, is enabled by smooth muscles that contract rhythmically to propel food through the digestive system.
(d) Movement of the heart: The cardiac muscle is a specialized type of muscle that works involuntarily to pump blood through the circulatory system.
These muscle types are each adapted to their specific functions in the body, ensuring efficient and coordinated movement and function of various systems.