Answer: Presidential Reconstruction and Black Codes
Step-by-step explanation:
Presidential Reconstruction: Initially, President Abraham Lincoln and his successor, Andrew Johnson, pursued a lenient policy of Reconstruction. Their goal was to quickly restore the Southern states to the Union with minimal federal intervention. They issued amnesty proclamations and allowed Southern states to reestablish governments once 10% of voters had taken an oath of loyalty and recognized the abolition of slavery.
Black Codes: As Southern states reorganized, they implemented "Black Codes," which severely restricted the rights and freedoms of African Americans. These codes revealed the need for more significant federal intervention to protect the rights of newly freed slaves.