Answer/ Explanation: The correct statement about correctness is:
d. Correctness can be shown through formal logic.
Formal logic is a systematic approach to reasoning and evaluating the validity of arguments based on logical rules and principles. It allows us to prove or disprove the correctness of statements or propositions by following a set of logical steps.
By using formal logic, we can construct logical proofs to demonstrate the correctness of a statement or the validity of an argument. This involves applying rules of inference and logical axioms to establish the truth of a given proposition.
For example, in mathematics, we often use formal logic to prove theorems. We start with a set of axioms and use logical rules to deduce new statements. If we can derive a statement from the axioms using valid logical steps, then we can conclude that the statement is correct.
In the context of software development, correctness can also be established through formal verification methods. These methods use mathematical techniques and formal logic to prove the correctness of software programs. By mathematically modeling the program and applying logical reasoning, we can demonstrate that the program meets its specifications and behaves as intended.
In summary, correctness can be shown through formal logic, as it provides a systematic and rigorous approach to establishing the truth or validity of statements, arguments, or software programs.