Answer:
Option (A) thyroid gland is correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
A little gland with a butterfly-like structure called the thyroid is situated in the front of the neck, directly below the Adam's apple. By creating and releasing thyroid hormones, it is essential for preserving overall body homeostasis.
The body's metabolism, or the process by which food is converted into energy, is mostly regulated by thyroid hormones. These hormones regulate the rate at which the body utilises energy, have an impact on protein synthesis, control growth and development, and affect a number of physiological functions including digestion, heart rate, and body temperature.
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are both involved in a feedback loop that regulates the production of thyroid hormones. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is released by the brain, causes the pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The thyroid gland is then stimulated by TSH to produce and release thyroid hormones.
Different illnesses might result from an imbalance in thyroid hormone levels. When thyroid hormones are not produced enough, hypothyroidism develops, which causes a slower metabolic rate. This may result in symptoms like depression, cold intolerance, weariness, and weight gain. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, develops when there is an excess of thyroid hormones, which raises the metabolic rate. Weight loss, a quick heartbeat, heat sensitivity, and anxiety are all signs of hyperthyroidism.