Answer:
Blood proteins experience structural alterations, such as denaturation and misfolding, when they are exposed to UV light. Additionally, reactive oxygen species produced by UV rays harm proteins by oxidation. Additionally, UV-induced protein changes can cause the body's immune system to react. The combined impact of these effects on blood proteins add to the total harm and probable health problems linked to UV radiation exposure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Due to the interaction between the light and the protein molecules, many reactions and changes happen when blood proteins are exposed to UV radiation. The type of protein, UV light intensity, and exposure time all affect the results in different ways.
The development of structural changes in blood proteins is one of the main effects of UV radiation exposure. Aromatic amino acids, which have absorbance in the UV range, such tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine, are most impacted by UV radiation. Protein denaturation, in which the protein loses its original shape and becomes unfolded or misfolded, can be caused by structural changes brought on by UV light. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is another effect of UV radiation exposure on blood proteins. In addition to non-radical species like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free radicals like superoxide anion (O2-) and hydroxyl radical (OH), ROS are extremely reactive molecules. Through photochemical processes, UV radiation can produce ROS directly, or it can do so inadvertently by stimulating endogenous chromophores found in the blood. Immune responses can also be triggered by UV radiation in the body. Proteins that experience structural changes as a result of UV radiation can be identified as foreign or altered by the immune system. The immune system may react to the identification and produce antibodies against the changed proteins. This immune response may occasionally lead to autoimmune diseases or hypersensitive reactions. Individual differences in genetic make-up and antioxidant defence mechanisms can also affect a person's vulnerability to UV-induced protein degradation.